The Twelve Huntsmen
by Andrew Lang · from The Green Fairy Book
Adapted Version
Once, a prince loved a princess. He was very happy. One day, he visited his sick father.
The old king was in bed. He was very sick. "Please promise me," he said. "Marry the other princess." The prince was sad. He said yes.
Later, the prince became the king. He kept his promise. He sent for the other princess.
The first princess was very sad. She felt sick with sadness. She asked her father for help. She disguised herself and friends as hunters.
They wore hunter clothes. They went to the king's castle. "Can we work for you?" they asked. The king said yes. He did not know them.
The king had a magic lion. The lion was very smart. "Those hunters are girls," the lion said. "Let's test them with peas on the floor."
A kind servant liked the hunters. He told them about the test. "Walk carefully!" he said. The next day, they walked over the peas. No peas moved. They passed!
The lion had another test. "Put spinning wheels in the room," he said. "Girls will look at them."
The kind servant warned them again. "Do not look at spinning wheels!" he said. The next day, they walked past the wheels. They did not look. They passed again.
The king was happy with his hunters. He liked them very much. He thought the magic lion was wrong.
One day, news came. The other princess was coming to the castle. The first princess felt very dizzy and sad. She fell down.
The king ran to help his hunter. He took off her glove. He saw a ring. It was the ring he gave her! He knew her.
The king was so happy. He married his true love. They were very happy together. The other princess went home.
And so, the king learned true love and promises are important. And they lived happily ever after.
Original Story
THE TWELVE HUNTSMEN
Once upon a time there was a King's son who was engaged to a Princess
whom he dearly loved. One day as he sat by her side feeling very happy,
he received news that his father was lying at the point of death, and
desired to see him before his end. So he said to his love: 'Alas! I must
go off and leave you, but take this ring and wear it as a remembrance of
me, and when I am King I will return and fetch you home.'
Then he rode off, and when he reached his father he found him mortally
ill and very near death.
The King said: 'Dearest son, I have desired to see you again before my
end. Promise me, I beg of you, that you will marry according to my
wishes'; and he then named the daughter of a neighbouring King who he
was anxious should be his son's wife. The Prince was so overwhelmed with
grief that he could think of nothing but his father, and exclaimed:
'Yes, yes, dear father, whatever you desire shall be done.' Thereupon
the King closed his eyes and died.
After the Prince had been proclaimed King, and the usual time of
mourning had elapsed, he felt that he must keep the promise he had made
to his father, so he sent to ask for the hand of the King's daughter,
which was granted to him at once.
Now, his first love heard of this, and the thought of her lover's
desertion grieved her so sadly that she pined away and nearly died. Her
father said to her: 'My dearest child, why are you so unhappy? If there
is anything you wish for, say so, and you shall have it.'
His daughter reflected for a moment, and then said: 'Dear father, I wish
for eleven girls as nearly as possible of the same height, age, and
appearance as myself.'
Said the King: 'If the thing is possible your wish shall be fulfilled';
and he had his kingdom searched till he found eleven maidens of the same
height, size, and appearance as his daughter.
Then the Princess desired twelve complete huntsmen's suits to be made,
all exactly alike, and the eleven maidens had to dress themselves in
eleven of the suits, while she herself put on the twelfth. After this
she took leave of her father, and rode off with her girls to the court
of her former lover.
Here she enquired whether the King did not want some huntsmen, and if he
would not take them all into his service. The King saw her but did not
recognise her, and as he thought them very good-looking young people, he
said, 'Yes, he would gladly engage them all.' So they became the twelve
royal huntsmen.
Now, the King had a most remarkable Lion, for it knew every hidden or
secret thing.
One evening the Lion said to the King: 'So you think you have got twelve
huntsmen, do you?'
'Yes, certainly,' said the King, 'they are twelve huntsmen.'
'There you are mistaken,' said the Lion; 'they are twelve maidens.'
'That cannot possibly be,' replied the King; 'how do you mean to prove
that?'
'Just have a number of peas strewed over the floor of your
ante-chamber,' said the Lion, 'and you will soon see. Men have a strong,
firm tread, so that if they happen to walk over peas not one will stir,
but girls trip, and slip, and slide, so that the peas roll all about.'
The King was pleased with the Lion's advice, and ordered the peas to be
strewn in his ante-room.
Fortunately one of the King's servants had become very partial to the
young huntsmen, and hearing of the trial they were to be put to, he went
to them and said: 'The Lion wants to persuade the King that you are only
girls'; and then told them all the plot.
The King's daughter thanked him for the hint, and after he was gone she
said to her maidens: 'Now make every effort to tread firmly on the
peas.'
Next morning, when the King sent for his twelve huntsmen, and they
passed through the ante-room which was plentifully strewn with peas,
they trod so firmly and walked with such a steady, strong step that not
a single pea rolled away or even so much as stirred. After they were
gone the King said to the Lion: 'There now--you have been telling
lies--you see yourself they walk like men.'
'Because they knew they were being put to the test,' answered the Lion;
'and so they made an effort; but just have a dozen spinning-wheels
placed in the ante-room. When they pass through you'll see how pleased
they will be, quite unlike any man.'
[Illustration]
The King was pleased with the advice, and desired twelve
spinning-wheels to be placed in his ante-chamber.
But the good-natured servant went to the huntsmen and told them all
about this fresh plot. Then, as soon as the King's daughter was alone
with her maidens, she exclaimed: 'Now, pray make a great effort and
don't even look at those spinning-wheels.'
When the King sent for his twelve huntsmen next morning they walked
through the ante-room without even casting a glance at the
spinning-wheels.'
Then the King said once more to the Lion: 'You have deceived me again;
they are men, for they never once looked at the spinning-wheels.'
The Lion replied: 'They knew they were being tried, and they did
violence to their feelings.' But the King declined to believe in the
Lion any longer.
So the twelve huntsmen continued to follow the King, and he grew daily
fonder of them. One day whilst they were all out hunting it so happened
that news was brought that the King's intended bride was on her way and
might soon be expected. When the true bride heard of this she felt as
though a knife had pierced her heart, and she fell fainting to the
ground. The King, fearing something had happened to his dear huntsman,
ran up to help, and began drawing off his gloves. Then he saw the ring
which he had given to his first love, and as he gazed into her face he
knew her again, and his heart was so touched that he kissed her, and as
she opened her eyes, he cried: 'I am thine and thou art mine, and no
power on earth can alter that.'
To the other Princess he despatched a messenger to beg her to return to
her own kingdom with all speed. 'For,' said he, 'I have got a wife, and
he who finds an old key again does not require a new one.'
Thereupon the wedding was celebrated with great pomp, and the Lion was
restored to the royal favour, for after all he had told the truth.
Grimm.
Story DNA
Moral
True love, once pledged, should be honored above all other obligations.
Plot Summary
A Prince, bound by a deathbed promise to his father, prepares to marry a Princess he doesn't love, abandoning his true love. Heartbroken, his first love disguises herself and eleven maidens as huntsmen, joining his royal service. A magical Lion suspects their true gender and devises two tests, which the disguised Princess and her companions cleverly pass. Eventually, the King recognizes his true love by a ring he gave her, leading him to break off the arranged marriage and marry her instead, restoring the Lion to favor for speaking the truth.
Themes
Emotional Arc
betrayal to reunion
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Collected by the Brothers Grimm, reflecting European folklore traditions where royal succession and marriage alliances were central themes.
Plot Beats (13)
- A Prince is engaged to a Princess he loves, but must leave her to see his dying father.
- The Prince's father, on his deathbed, makes him promise to marry another King's daughter.
- The Prince, now King, honors his promise and sends for the other Princess's hand.
- The first Princess, heartbroken, asks her father for eleven maidens like herself and twelve huntsmen's suits.
- Disguised as huntsmen, the Princess and her maidens enter the King's service, unrecognized by him.
- The King's magical Lion suspects the huntsmen are women and suggests a test: strewing peas on the floor.
- A sympathetic servant warns the huntsmen, who then tread firmly over the peas, passing the test.
- The Lion suggests a second test: placing spinning wheels in the antechamber.
- The servant warns the huntsmen again, and they ignore the spinning wheels, passing the second test.
- The King, convinced the Lion is wrong, grows fond of his huntsmen.
- News arrives that the King's intended bride is approaching, causing the disguised Princess to faint.
- The King removes her glove to help, sees the ring he gave her, and recognizes her.
- The King declares his love for her, sends away the other Princess, and marries his true love.
Characters
King's son ★ protagonist
Good-looking, but otherwise not described
Attire: Princely attire, hunting clothes when with the huntsmen
Duty-bound, easily swayed, ultimately loving and loyal
Image Prompt & Upload
A young prince in his early twenties with a determined and noble expression, standing tall with confident posture. He has short, neatly styled dark hair and sharp, focused eyes. He wears an elegant royal blue tunic with gold embroidery, a flowing crimson cloak fastened with a golden clasp, polished leather boots, and a silver sword sheathed at his hip. His hand rests gently on the sword's hilt, conveying readiness and authority. He is dressed in rich, detailed attire befitting a heroic protagonist. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
Princess (first love) ★ protagonist
Same height, age, and appearance as her eleven companions
Attire: Huntsman's suit (one of twelve identical)
Resourceful, determined, heartbroken but resilient
Image Prompt & Upload
A young woman in her late teens with a gentle, hopeful expression. She has long, flowing chestnut hair adorned with small, fresh flowers. She wears an elegant, soft pink ballgown with delicate lace details on the bodice and a full, flowing skirt. Her posture is poised yet relaxed, one hand lightly touching her heart while the other holds a single, perfect rose. Her eyes are bright and her lips are curved in a soft, dreamy smile. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
King (father of King's son) ◆ supporting
Weak and dying
Attire: Royal robes, bedclothes
Demanding, concerned with dynastic alliances
Image Prompt & Upload
A middle-aged king with kind, wise eyes and a gentle smile, his graying hair neatly combed beneath a simple gold crown. He wears rich but not ostentatious royal blue robes trimmed with silver fur, standing tall with a posture of quiet authority and support. His hand rests reassuringly on the shoulder of an unseen younger figure. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
Lion ◆ supporting
Remarkable, knows every hidden or secret thing
Wise, perceptive, truthful
Image Prompt & Upload
A majestic male lion with a thick golden-brown mane and kind amber eyes. He wears a simple forest-green tunic with a leather belt, sitting calmly on his haunches. His posture is relaxed and approachable, with a gentle, wise expression. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
Princess (intended bride) ○ minor
Not described
Attire: Royal attire
Not shown
Image Prompt & Upload
A young princess around ten years old with a gentle, hopeful smile. She has bright, curious eyes and soft, rosy cheeks. Her long, golden hair is styled in an elegant half-updo with loose curls cascading down her back, adorned with a small, sparkling tiara. She wears a delicate, floor-length gown of pale blue silk with puffed sleeves and intricate silver embroidery along the neckline and hem. A simple pearl necklace graces her neck. She stands with a poised yet relaxed posture, her hands lightly clasped in front of her. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
Good-natured servant ◆ supporting
Not described
Attire: Servant's clothing
Helpful, kind, loyal
Image Prompt & Upload
A young adult with a warm, kind expression and gentle eyes, wearing a simple, clean tunic of undyed linen over brown trousers, with a soft leather apron tied at the waist. Their hair is neatly tied back with a leather cord. They stand in a relaxed, attentive posture, holding a wooden tray with a steaming mug and a small loaf of bread, offering a welcoming smile. Soft, warm light illuminates their face. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
Locations
Princess's Chamber
A comfortable room where the Prince and Princess sit together, filled with happiness before bad news arrives.
Mood: Initially joyful and loving, then filled with sorrow and despair.
The Prince receives news of his father's illness and gives the Princess a ring as a token of his love.
Image Prompt & Upload
Late afternoon sunlight streams through tall, arched stained-glass windows, casting warm, colorful pools of light across a lavish princess's chamber. The room is a sanctuary of comfort, with a large canopied bed draped in soft silks and velvets of rose and cream. A cozy fireplace with a gently glowing hearth anchors one wall, its mantle adorned with delicate porcelain figurines and a gilded clock. Plush, patterned carpets cover the stone floor, and a small, round table is set with a silver tea service and half-eaten pastries. The air feels still and serene, dust motes dancing in the golden light. Through the windows, a view of a serene palace garden with blooming roses is visible under a clear, soft blue sky. The atmosphere is one of profound peace and intimate happiness. no border, no frame, no watermark, no text, no signature, edge-to-edge illustration.
King's Deathbed Chamber
A somber room where the old King lies dying, filled with heavy air and the weight of his impending death.
Mood: Grief-stricken, heavy, and filled with a sense of duty.
The Prince promises his dying father to marry the neighboring King's daughter.
Image Prompt & Upload
At midnight in a fairy tale castle, the King's deathbed chamber is a vast, somber room with high vaulted stone ceilings and cold marble floors. Heavy crimson and gold velvet drapes cover tall arched windows, through which pale moonlight filters, casting long shadows. A large canopied bed with rumpled dark silk sheets sits empty, surrounded by flickering candles on ornate candelabras. The air feels thick and still, with dust motes in the dim light. Dark wooden furniture, including a carved throne and a dusty writing desk, adds to the oppressive atmosphere. Colors are muted: deep blues, grays, and blacks, with tarnished gold accents. No border, no frame, no watermark, no text, no signature, edge-to-edge illustration.
Royal Ante-Chamber
A large room outside the King's main chamber, used for testing the huntsmen's true identities.
Mood: Suspenseful, filled with trickery and hidden intentions.
The King attempts to reveal the huntsmen's true identities using the peas and spinning wheels.
Image Prompt & Upload
Late afternoon light slants through tall, arched windows of the Royal Ante-Chamber, casting long shadows across the cold flagstone floor. The vast, solemn room is paneled in dark, polished wood, with high, vaulted ceilings lost in gloom. A single, heavy oaken door, banded with iron, dominates the far wall. Dust motes dance in the golden beams, illuminating a massive stone fireplace, its hearth cold. A weapon rack stands empty beside a fur-draped, high-backed chair. The air is still and heavy with anticipation. Colors are muted: greys of stone, deep blues and browns of wood, with accents of tarnished gold. no border, no frame, no watermark, no text, no signature, edge-to-edge illustration
Hunting Grounds
A forest or field where the King and his huntsmen pursue game.
Mood: Outdoors, active, and filled with the thrill of the hunt.
The King discovers the true identity of his huntsman when the Princess faints and he sees the ring.
Image Prompt & Upload
Misty dawn in an ancient royal hunting forest. Golden sunbeams pierce through towering, gnarled oak and birch trees, illuminating swirling ground fog. The forest floor is a tapestry of dew-kissed ferns, fallen leaves, and moss-covered stones. A narrow, well-trodden dirt path winds through the dense undergrowth toward a distant, shadowed clearing. The atmosphere is serene yet wild, with a palette of deep greens, rich browns, and ethereal golds. No border, no frame, no watermark, no text, no signature, edge-to-edge illustration.